1️⃣ Shahādah – The Declaration of Faith
English Explanation:
Shahādah means declaring openly and sincerely that “There is no god worthy of worship except Allah, and Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.” This testimony is the entrance into Islam and affirms belief in Allah’s oneness and the finality of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ as His messenger.
Hausa Explanation:
Shahādah na nufin tabbatarwa da zuciya da baki cewa “Babu wani abin bautawa da gaskiya sai Allah, kuma Muhammad Manzon Allah ne.” Wannan furuci shi ne kofa zuwa Musulunci, yana tabbatar da tauhidi da Manzon Allah ﷺ.
Qur’an Reference:
“So know [O Muhammad], that there is no deity except Allah…”
(Surah Muhammad 47:19)
Hadith Reference:
The Prophet ﷺ said: “Islam is built on five (pillars): testifying that there is no god but Allah and Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah…”
(Sahih al-Bukhari, Sahih Muslim)
2️⃣ Ṣalāh – The Prayer
English Explanation:
Muslims are required to perform five daily prayers at specific times: Fajr (dawn), Ẓuhr (noon), ʿAsr (afternoon), Maghrib (sunset), and ʿIshā’ (night). Prayer connects the believer with Allah, cleanses sins, and instills discipline.
Hausa Explanation:
Musulmi suna da wajibi su yi salla sau biyar a kowace rana: Fajr (asuba), Zuhr (rana tsaka), Asr (yamma), Maghrib (mako), da Isha’i (dare). Salla tana haɗa bawan Allah da Ubangijinsa, tana wanke zunubi, tana kuma koyar da ladabi da tsari.
Qur’an Reference:
“Indeed, prayer has been decreed upon the believers a decree of specified times.”
(Surah An-Nisa 4:103)
Hadith Reference:
The Prophet ﷺ said: “The first matter that the slave will be brought to account for on the Day of Judgment is the prayer…”
(Sunan Abi Dawud, Tirmidhi)
3️⃣ Zakāh – The Obligatory Charity
English Explanation:
Zakah is the giving of a fixed portion (usually 2.5% of savings) to the needy and poor. It purifies wealth, reduces poverty, and strengthens community bonds.
Hausa Explanation:
Zakka tana nufin bayar da wani kaso na dukiyar mutum (galibi 2.5% daga ajiyar shekara) ga matalauta da marasa galihu. Tana tsarkake dukiya, rage talauci, da ƙarfafa zumunci.
Qur’an Reference:
“And establish prayer and give zakah…”
(Surah Al-Baqarah 2:43)
Hadith Reference:
The Prophet ﷺ said: “Whoever gives in charity the equivalent of a date from lawful earnings… Allah will accept it with His right hand and will nurture it for him…”
(Sahih al-Bukhari, Sahih Muslim)
4️⃣ Ṣawm – Fasting in Ramadan
English Explanation:
Fasting during the month of Ramadan means abstaining from food, drink, and marital relations from dawn to sunset, with the intention of worship. It teaches self-control, gratitude, and empathy for the poor.
Hausa Explanation:
Azumi a watan Ramadan yana nufin yin nisa daga abinci, abin sha, da jima’i daga asuba har zuwa faduwar rana, tare da niyyar ibada. Yana koyar da hakuri, godiya, da tausayi ga matalauta.
Qur’an Reference:
“O you who have believed, decreed upon you is fasting as it was decreed upon those before you that you may become righteous.”
(Surah Al-Baqarah 2:183)
Hadith Reference:
The Prophet ﷺ said: “Whoever fasts Ramadan out of faith and seeking reward, his past sins will be forgiven.”
(Sahih al-Bukhari, Sahih Muslim)
5️⃣ Ḥajj – The Pilgrimage to Makkah
English Explanation:
Hajj is the pilgrimage to the Kaaba in Makkah, required once in a lifetime for those physically and financially able. It includes specific rituals like Tawaf (circling the Kaaba) and Sa’i (walking between Safa and Marwah).
Hausa Explanation:
Hajj tafiya ce zuwa Ka’aba a Makkah, wacce ake yi sau ɗaya a rayuwa ga wanda yake da iko da lafiya da kuɗi. A cikin ibadar akwai ayyuka na musamman kamar Tawaf (yawo a kusa da Ka’aba) da Sa’i (tafiya tsakanin Safa da Marwa).
Qur’an Reference:
“And Hajj to the House is a duty owed to Allah by mankind – those who can find a way there…”
(Surah Aal ‘Imran 3:97)
Hadith Reference:
The Prophet ﷺ said: “Whoever performs Hajj and does not commit obscenity or transgression will return as sinless as the day he was born.”
(Sahih al-Bukhari, Sahih Muslim)
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